Calculation Result
Force Diagram
Step-by-Step Solution
| # | Force type | Label | Input method | Magnitude | Unit | Angle | Angle unit | X component | Y component | Direction helper | Remove |
|---|
Formula Used
Net force is the vector sum of every force. Components preserve direction during addition. The final vector controls acceleration under Newton's second law.
How to Use
1. Choose a mode
Select vectors, Newton's law, or inclined-plane analysis. Each mode reveals suitable inputs. Your previous values remain available during switching.
2. Enter known values
Choose units beside every measured value. Vector rows accept angles or components. Direction helpers quickly load common cardinal directions.
3. Calculate
Press the main calculation button. Review components, magnitude, direction, and interpretation. The steps explain every conversion and operation.
4. Inspect the diagram
Arrows show individual forces and their resultant. Lengths scale automatically for readability. Grid and angle labels remain optional.
5. Export results
Copy the complete solution or download files. CSV supports spreadsheets and further analysis. PDF and text formats simplify sharing.
6. Restore history
Recent calculations are stored inside your browser. No account or server upload is required. Clear browser storage to remove saved history.
Example Data
| Example | Inputs | Expected result |
|---|---|---|
| Opposite forces | 50 N right, 20 N left | 30 N right |
| Perpendicular forces | 30 N at 0°, 40 N at 90° | 50 N at 53.13° |
| Balanced forces | 25 N right, 25 N left | 0 N equilibrium |
| Newton's second law | 5 kg, 4 m/s² | 20 N |
| Frictionless incline | 10 kg, 30°, Earth gravity | 49.03 N downslope |
Calculation History
Frequently Asked Questions
What is net force?
Net force combines all forces acting on one object. Direction matters because forces are vectors. A nonzero result changes the object's velocity.
Can net force be negative?
A negative value indicates the selected negative direction. It does not mean force magnitude is physically negative. The sign communicates orientation along an axis.
What happens when net force equals zero?
Zero net force means translational equilibrium. Resting objects remain at rest. Moving objects continue with constant velocity.
Why use vector components?
Components separate each force into perpendicular directions. Corresponding components can then be added safely. The resultant is rebuilt from those totals.
Which angle convention is supported?
The calculator supports clockwise or counter-clockwise angles. Both begin from the positive horizontal axis. Angle units may be degrees or radians.
How is direction calculated?
Direction uses the two-argument arctangent function. This function identifies the correct quadrant. The displayed angle is normalised for clarity.
Does mass affect inclined-plane acceleration?
Without friction, mass cancels from the acceleration equation. Gravity and incline angle determine acceleration. Friction can introduce additional opposing effects.
What is maximum static friction?
Maximum static friction is μs multiplied by normal force. Actual static friction matches the required opposing force. Motion begins after the maximum is exceeded.
Can I enter force components directly?
Yes, choose the component input method. Enter signed x and y values. Magnitude and direction are calculated automatically.
Are values converted to SI units?
Yes, calculations use newtons, kilograms, and metres internally. Results can display in selected units. This keeps mixed-unit calculations consistent.
Is this suitable for safety-critical engineering?
The calculator supports learning and preliminary checking. Real systems may include omitted forces and constraints. Verify critical work with qualified engineering review.