Calculation history
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Formula used
Circular area: A = πd² ÷ 4
Rectangular area: A = width × height
Basic flow: Q = v × A
Liters per minute: L/min = v × A × 60,000
Adjusted total: Q = v × A × correction × efficiency × (1 − loss) × pipes
How to use this calculator
- Select the required forward or reverse calculation.
- Choose the pipe or channel geometry.
- Enter velocity, target flow, and dimensions as needed.
- Apply efficiency, loss, and correction settings carefully.
- Select Calculate and review every converted result.
Worked example
A circular pipe has a 50 mm internal diameter. Water moves through it at 2 m/s. No correction or loss is applied.
| Input | Value |
|---|---|
| Velocity | 2 m/s |
| Internal diameter | 50 mm |
| Area | 0.001963495 m² |
| Flow | 235.62 L/min |
Frequently asked questions
1. Can meters per second convert directly to liters per minute?
No. Velocity needs a cross-sectional area before volume flow can be calculated.
2. Which pipe diameter should I enter?
Use the real internal diameter. Nominal sizes often differ from usable bore sizes.
3. Does the calculator support rectangular channels?
Yes. Enter the wetted width and the active fluid depth.
4. What does the correction factor do?
It adjusts ideal velocity-area flow for known measurement or profile effects.
5. How are percentage losses applied?
The calculator reduces ideal flow by the entered loss percentage.
6. Can it solve for velocity?
Yes. Enter target flow, geometry, pipe count, and adjustment settings.
7. Can it calculate a required pipe diameter?
Yes. It returns the theoretical internal diameter for circular pipes.
8. Are US gallons supported?
Yes. Results include US gallons per minute and metric units.
9. Does pipe count multiply total flow?
Yes. Identical parallel pipes are assumed to carry equal flow.
10. Are friction and pressure losses included?
Not directly. Use hydraulic pressure-loss methods for detailed system design.
11. Can results be exported?
Yes. Copy, CSV, PDF, and print controls are included.
Engineering note
This calculator estimates flow from average velocity and geometry. Real systems can vary with pressure, roughness, fittings, and turbulence. Confirm critical designs using accepted hydraulic standards and field measurements.