Calculator Inputs
How to Use the Calculator
Select the required result and wedge configuration. Choose insertion or withdrawal motion. Enter the active wedge angle carefully.
Add the supported load and axial force. Enter separate friction values when available. Use zero friction for an ideal comparison.
Provide contact dimensions for pressure checks. Add material strengths for safety factors. Review warnings before applying results.
Example Data
| Application | Configuration | Angle | Load | Top friction | Base friction |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Machine lifting wedge | Single-sided | 8° | 150 kN | 0.12 | 0.10 |
| Alignment shim | Single-sided | 4° | 45 kN | 0.16 | 0.14 |
| Symmetrical separator | Double-sided | 6° half-angle | 200 kN | 0.10 | Not used |
| Timber splitting wedge | Double-sided | 15° half-angle | 30 kN | 0.25 | Not used |
Engineering Model and Assumptions
The calculator applies static equilibrium and Coulomb friction. Bodies are treated as rigid. Contact remains fully engaged.
Loads are assumed centred across each contact face. Pressure is reported as an average. Local edge stresses may be higher.
Dynamic factors are user-entered multipliers. Deformation and buckling require separate analysis. Final designs need professional verification.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is axial wedge load?
It is the force applied along the wedge travel direction. This force creates a transverse lifting, separating, or clamping action.
Why does friction increase insertion force?
Friction opposes relative sliding at each contact. The axial input must overcome both geometry and friction resistance.
What does a negative axial result mean?
The supported load tends to move the wedge automatically. A restraining force is needed in the opposite direction.
When is a wedge self-locking?
A wedge is self-locking when reverse motion still requires external effort. The calculator evaluates this using the selected friction model.
Which angle should I enter?
Enter the active surface angle for a single wedge. For symmetrical wedges, use each face angle or select included-angle conversion.
Why are two friction coefficients available?
Upper and lower contacts often use different materials. Lubrication, finish, and pressure can change each coefficient.
How is contact pressure calculated?
Average pressure equals the normal reaction divided by contact area. Actual pressure may vary near contact edges.
What is mechanical advantage?
Mechanical advantage compares useful output load with required axial input. Smaller wedge angles usually increase mechanical advantage.
Does the calculator include impact loading?
Use the dynamic factor to increase the design load. Detailed impact behavior needs time-dependent structural analysis.
Can multiple wedges share one load?
Yes. The total load is divided across the selected wedge count. Unequal sharing should be represented with the distribution factor.
Can these results be used for final design?
Use them for preliminary estimates and checks. Final equipment requires verified friction data, detailed stresses, tolerances, and professional approval.